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Until you get used to the texture and feel of safely cooked foods, use a probe thermometer every time you prepare foods like poultry, roasts, hams, casseroles, meat loaves and egg dishes.
Many recipes tell you the temperature to cook your foods, many just leave that part out. The internal temperature of your food is important to avoid being the victim of a foodborne illness.
Cooking thermometers take the guesswork out of cooking as they allow you to keep track of the internal temperature of your meat, poultry, fish and casseroles. It is important that a safe internal temperature has been reached to insure that any harmful bacteria have been destroyed before you consume it.
Until you get used to the texture and feel of safely cooked foods, use a probe thermometer every time you prepare foods like poultry, roasts, hams, casseroles, meat loaves and egg dishes.
Note: You can safely remove larger dishes from the heat source with the internal temperature is withing five degrees of your target. The residual heat will take it the rest of the way leaving your meal perfectly cooked.
Your goal is to measure the lowest internal temperature of your food while it is cooking. To properly use a probe thermometer, insert it through the thickest section of the the meat or dish, being careful not to touch bone or the bottom of the dish. Once you get your reading, clean your thermometer so you do not run the risk of cross-contamination.
Note: The way to find the center of your food is to push the probe thermoter into the thickest portion and watch the reading drop. As soon as the reading starts climbing, pull back a bit until the reading is at its lowest. You have just found the center.
Here is a handy table giving safe internal temperatures.
Beef and Lamb |
||
| Roasts, Steaks & Chops | ||
| Rare | 120 to 125 degrees F | Cook until center is bright red, pinkish toward the exterior portion |
| Medium Rare | 130 to 135 degrees F | Cook until center is very pink, slightly brown toward the exterior portion |
| Medium | 140 to 145 degrees F | Cook until center is light pink, outer portion is brown |
| Medium Well | 150 to 155 degrees F | Cook until no pink shows in the meat |
| Well Done | 160 degrees F and above | Cook until uniformly brown throughout |
| Ground Meat | 165 degrees F | Cook until uniformly brown throughout |
Poultry |
||
| Poultry (Chicken & Duck) | 165 degrees F | Cook until firm and juices run clear |
| Turkey | 165 degrees F | juices run clear - legs and wings move freely |
| Stuffing (cooked alone or in turkey) | 165 degrees F | |
Pork |
||
| Roasts, Steaks & Chops | ||
| Medium | 140 to 145 degrees F | Cook until pale pink center |
| Well Done | 160 degrees F and above | Cook until uniformly colored throughout |
| Pork ribs, pork shoulders, and brisket | 160 degrees F and above | Cook at a lower temperature from medium to well done |
|
Sausage (raw) |
165 degrees F | Cook until juices run clear and no longer pink |
| Ham | ||
|
Raw |
160 degrees F | |
|
Pre-cooked |
140 degrees F | |
Seafood |
||
| Fish (steaks, filleted or whole) | 140 degrees F | Cook until flesh is opaque, flakes easily |
|
Tuna, Swordfish, & Marlin |
125 degrees F | Cook until medium-rare and firm |
| Shrimp | Cook just until firm and fleash turns opaque otherwise the meat will become dry | |
| Medium-size, boiling | 3 to 4 minutes | |
| Large-size, boiling | 5 to 7 minues | |
| Jumbo-size, boiling | 7 to 8 minutes | |
| Lobster | Cook until shell turns red and meat is opaque in the center | |
| Boiled, whole - 1 lb. | 12 to 15 minutes | |
| Broiled, whole - 1 1/2 lbs. | 3 to 4 minutes | |
| Steamed, whole - 1 1/2 lbs. | 15 to 20 minutes | |
| Baked, tails - each | 15 minutes | |
| Broiled, tails - each | 9 to 10 minutes | |
| Scallops | Cook until fleash is opaque and firm | |
| Bake | 12 to 15 minutes | |
| Clams, Mussels & Oysters | Cook until the point at which their shells open - throw away any that do not open | |
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